A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT to require the vehicle being operated by a driver who has failed to maintain financial responsibility to be seized and forfeited to the state.
The General Assembly of North Carolina enacts:
SECTION 1.  Article 2 of Chapter 20 of the General Statutes is amended by adding a new section to read:
"§ 20‑28.10.  Seizure, impoundment, forfeiture of motor vehicles for driving without insurance.
(a)	Seizure of Vehicle Required. – In addition to any other penalties that may apply, upon being charged with a violation of G.S. 20‑313 for operating or permitting a motor vehicle to be operated in this State without having in full force and effect the financial responsibility required by Article 13 of this Chapter, the law enforcement agency shall seize the motor vehicle and deliver the same to the sheriff of the county in which such offense is committed, or the same shall be placed under said sheriff's constructive possession if delivery of actual possession is impractical, and the vehicle shall be held by the sheriff pending the trial of the person.
(b)	Return to Owner of Seized Vehicle. – The sheriff shall restore a motor vehicle seized pursuant to subsection (a) of this section to the owner if the owner pays the costs actually incurred by the sheriff for towing, processing, and storing the vehicle and if any of the following occur:
(1)	The owner executes a good and valid bond, with sufficient sureties, in an amount double the value of the property, which bond shall be approved by said sheriff and shall be conditioned on the return of the motor vehicle to the custody of the sheriff on the day of trial of the person or persons accused.
(2)	The charge that led to the motor vehicle's seizure is dismissed or the person charged is acquitted.
(3)	The owner of the vehicle presents proof of financial responsibility to the sheriff or the owner demonstrates that the violation of that section was the result of a mistake, clerical error, or other inadvertence.
(c)	Sale of Seized Vehicle Upon Conviction. – Upon conviction of the operator of a motor vehicle for the violation listed in subsection (a) of this section, the court shall order a sale at public auction of the seized motor vehicle in accordance with the following conditions:
(1)	The officer making the sale shall make the following deductions from the sale proceeds:
a.	The expenses of keeping the motor vehicle.
b.	The fee for the seizure.
c.	The costs of the sale.
The officer shall then pay from the net proceeds, all liens, according to their priorities, which are established by intervention or otherwise at the hearing or in other proceeding brought for said purpose as being bona fide. The officer shall pay the balance of the proceeds to the proper officer of the county who receives fines and forfeitures to be used for the school fund of the county.
(2)	All liens against a motor vehicle sold under the provisions of this section shall be transferred from the motor vehicle to the proceeds of its sale.
(d)	Exceptions. – A vehicle shall not be sold pursuant to subsection (c) of this section in the following circumstances:
(1)	If, at the time of hearing, or other proceeding in which the matter is considered, the owner of the vehicle can establish to the satisfaction of the court that the provisions of sub‑subdivisions a. through c. of this subdivision apply, then the court shall not order a sale of the vehicle but shall restore it to the owner. The owner shall be entitled to a trial by jury upon the issues in this subdivision.
a.	The defendant was an immediate member of the owner's family at the time of the offense.
b.	The defendant had no previous felony or misdemeanor convictions at the time of the offense and had no previous or pending violations of any provision in Chapter 20 of the General Statutes for the three years prior to the time of the offense.
c.	The defendant was under the age of 19 at the time of the offense.
(2)	A nondefendant motor vehicle owner may file a petition with the clerk of court seeking a pretrial determination that the petitioner is an innocent owner. The clerk shall consider the petition and make a determination as soon as may be feasible. At any proceeding conducted pursuant to this subdivision, the clerk is not required to determine the issue of forfeiture, only the issue of whether the petitioner is an innocent owner. If the clerk determines that the petitioner is an innocent owner, the clerk shall release the motor vehicle to the petitioner. The clerk shall send a copy of the order authorizing or denying release of the vehicle to the district attorney and the sheriff. An order issued under this subdivision finding that the petitioner failed to establish that the petitioner is an innocent owner may be reconsidered by the court as part of the forfeiture hearing under this section.
(3)	On petition by a lienholder, the court, in its discretion and upon such terms and conditions as it may prescribe, may allow reclamation of the vehicle by the lienholder. The lienholder shall file with the court an accounting of the proceeds of any subsequent sale of the vehicle and pay into the court any proceeds received in excess of the amount of the lien.
(4)	The vehicle was restored to the owner pursuant to subdivisions (b)(2) or (b)(3) of this section.
(e)	Scope of Section. – This section shall not apply if G.S. 20‑28.2 or any other law of this State that requires the seizure, impoundment, and forfeiture of a motor vehicle is applicable."
SECTION 2.  G.S. 20‑313(a) reads as rewritten:
"(a)	On or after July 1, 1963, any owner of a motor vehicle registered or required to be registered in this State who shall operate or permit such motor vehicle to be operated in this State without having in full force and effect the financial responsibility required by this Article shall be guilty of a Class 1 misdemeanor and the motor vehicle that was operated in violation of this section becomes property subject to forfeiture in accordance with the procedure set out in G.S. 20‑28.10."
SECTION 3.  This act becomes effective December 1, 2013, and applies to offenses committed on or after that date.