A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT to amend the laws regulating real estate appraisers.
The General Assembly of North Carolina enacts:
SECTION 1.  93E‑1‑3(a) reads as rewritten:
"(a)	No trainee registration, license, or certificate shall be issued under the provisions of this Chapter to a partnership, association, corporation, firm, or group. However, nothing herein shall preclude a registered trainee or licensed or certified real estate appraiser from rendering appraisals for or on behalf of a partnership, association, corporation, firm, or group, provided the appraisal report is prepared by a licensed or certified real estate appraiser or by a registered trainee under the immediate personal direction of, the certified real estate appraiser and is reviewed and signed by that certified appraiser."
SECTION 2.  93E‑1‑6 reads as rewritten:
"§ 93E‑1‑6.  Qualifications for registration and certification; applications; application fees; examinations.
(a)	Any person desiring to be registered as a trainee or to obtain licensure as a licensed real estate appraiser or certification as a certified real estate appraiser shall make written application to the Board on the forms as are prescribed by the Board setting forth the applicant's qualifications for registration, licensure, or certification. Each applicant shall satisfy the following qualification requirements:
(1)	Each applicant for registration as a trainee shall:
a.	Have obtained a high school diploma or its equivalent; and
b.	Demonstrate to the Board that the applicant possesses the knowledge and competence necessary to perform appraisals of real property, by: (i) having satisfactorily completed within the five‑year period immediately preceding the date application is made, a course of instruction, approved by the Board, in real estate appraisal principles and practices consisting of at least 90 hours of classroom instruction in subjects determined by the Board; and (ii) satisfying any additional qualification the Board imposes by rule, not inconsistent with any requirements imposed by the Appraisal Foundation.
(2)	Each applicant for certification as a certified residential real estate appraiser shall:
a.	Hold a bachelor's degree from an accredited college, community college, or university; 
b.	Demonstrate that the applicant possesses the knowledge and competence necessary to perform appraisals of real property as the Board may prescribe by having satisfactorily completed a course of instruction, approved by the Board, in real estate appraisal principles and practices consisting of at least 200 hours. All instructional courses shall have been completed on or after January 1, 2008;
c.	Present evidence satisfactory to the Board of at least 2,500 hours or the minimum requirement as imposed by the Appraisal Foundation, whichever is greater, of experience in real estate appraising within the eight‑year period immediately preceding the date application is made, and over a period of at least two calendar years; and
d.	Satisfy the additional qualifications criteria as may be imposed by the Board by rule, not inconsistent with any requirements imposed by the Appraisal Foundation; or
e.	Possess education and experience which is found by the Board in its discretion to be equivalent to the above requirements.
(3)	Each applicant for certification as a certified general real estate appraiser shall:
a.	Hold a bachelor's degree or higher from an accredited college or university;
b.	Demonstrate that the applicant possesses the knowledge and competence necessary to perform appraisals of all types of real property by having satisfactorily completed a course of instruction, approved by the Board, in general real estate appraisal practices consisting of at least 300 hours. All instructional courses shall have been completed on or after January 1, 2008;
c.	Present evidence satisfactory to the Board of at least 3,000 hours or the minimum requirement as imposed by the Appraisal Foundation, whichever is greater, of experience in real estate appraising within the eight‑year period immediately preceding the date application is made, and over a period of at least two and one‑half calendar years, fifty percent (50%) of which must be in appraising nonresidential real estate; and
d.	Satisfy the additional qualifications criteria as may be imposed by the Board by rule, not inconsistent with any requirements imposed by the Appraisal Foundation; or
e.	Possess education or experience which is found by the Board in its discretion to be equivalent to the above requirements.
(4)	Repealed by Session Laws 2001‑399, s. 1.
(b)	Each application for registration as a trainee or for certification as a real estate appraiser shall be accompanied by a fee of two hundred dollars ($200.00), plus any additional fee as may be necessary to defray the cost of any competency examination administered by a private testing service.
(c)	Any person who files with the Board an application for certification as a real estate appraiser shall be required to pass an examination to demonstrate the person's competence. 
(c1)	The Board shall also make an investigation as it deems necessary into the background of the applicant to determine the applicant's qualifications with due regard to the paramount interest of the public as to the applicant's competency, honesty, truthfulness, and integrity. All applicants shall consent to a criminal history record check. Refusal to consent to a criminal history record check may constitute grounds for the Board to deny an application. The Board shall ensure that the State and national criminal history of an applicant is checked. The Board shall be responsible for providing to the North Carolina Department of Justice the fingerprints of the applicant to be checked, a form signed by the applicant consenting to the criminal history record check and the use of fingerprints and other identifying information required by the State or National Repositories of Criminal Histories, and any additional information required by the Department of Justice in accordance with G.S. 114‑19.30. The Board shall keep all information obtained pursuant to this section confidential. The Board shall collect any fees required by the Department of Justice and shall remit the fees to the Department of Justice for expenses associated with conducting the criminal history record check.
(c2)	In addition, the Board may investigate and consider whether the applicant has had any disciplinary action taken against any other professional license in North Carolina or any other state, or if the applicant has committed or done any act which, if committed or done by any real estate trainee or appraiser, would be grounds under the provisions hereinafter set forth for disciplinary action including the suspension or revocation of registration, licensure, or certification, or whether the applicant has been convicted of or pleaded guilty to any criminal act. If the results of the investigation shall be satisfactory to the Board, and the applicant is otherwise qualified, then the Board shall issue to the applicant a trainee registration or certificate authorizing the applicant to act as a registered trainee real estate appraiser or certified real estate appraiser in this State.
(d)	If the applicant has not affirmatively demonstrated that the applicant meets the requirements for registration or certification, action on the application will be deferred pending a hearing before the Board."
SECTION 3.  G.S. 93E‑1‑6.1 reads as rewritten:
"§ 93E‑1‑6.1.  Trainee supervision.
All trainees shall perform all real estate appraisal‑related activities under the immediate, active, and personal supervision of a certified real estate appraiser. All appraisal reports must be signed by the appraiser who supervised the trainee. By signing the appraisal report, the appraiser accepts shared responsibility, with the trainee, for the content of and conclusions in the report. All trainees and any appraisers desiring to supervise a trainee shall complete a course in trainee supervision as required in rules adopted by the Board."
SECTION 4.  G.S. 93E‑1‑8 reads as rewritten:
"§ 93E‑1‑8.  Education program approval and fees.
(a)	The Board may by rule prescribe minimum standards for the approval and renewal of approval of schools and other course sponsors and their instructors to conduct appraiser qualifying courses required by G.S. 93E‑1‑6(a). Such standards may address subject matter, program structuring, instructional materials, requirements for satisfactory course completion, instructors' qualifications, and other related matters relevant to the provision of such courses in a manner that best serves the public interest. The standards may require that schools and course sponsors obtain approval for the content of qualifying courses from the Appraiser Qualifications Board of the Appraisal Foundation as part of the application process with the Appraisal Board and pay any fees directly to the Appraiser Qualifications Board as required by the Appraiser Qualifications Board for the approval.
(b)	The Board may by rule set nonrefundable fees chargeable to private real estate appraisal schools or course sponsors, including appraisal trade organizations, for the approval and annual renewal of approval of their qualifying courses required by G.S. 93E‑1‑6(a), or equivalent courses. The fees shall be one hundred dollars ($100.00) per course for approval and fifty dollars ($50.00) per course for renewal of approval. No fees shall be charged for the approval or renewal of approval to conduct appraiser qualifying courses where such courses are offered by a North Carolina college, university, junior college, or community or technical college accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, or an agency of the federal, State, or local government.
(c)	The Board may by rule prescribe minimum standards for the approval and annual renewal of approval of schools and other course sponsors and their instructors to conduct appraiser continuing education courses. Such standards may address subject matter, instructional materials, requirements for satisfactory course completion, minimum course length, instructors' qualifications, and other related matters relevant to the provision of such courses in a manner that best serves the public interest.
(d)	Nonrefundable fees of one hundred dollars ($100.00) per course may be charged to schools and course sponsors for the approval to conduct appraiser continuing education courses and fifty dollars ($50.00) per course for renewal of approval. However, no fees shall be charged for the approval or renewal of approval to conduct appraiser continuing education courses where such courses are offered by a North Carolina college, university, junior college, or community or technical college accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools, or by an agency of the federal, State, or local government. A nonrefundable fee of fifty dollars ($50.00) per course may be charged to current or former licensees or certificate holders requesting approval by the Board of a course for continuing education credit when approval of such course has not been previously obtained by the offering school or course sponsor."
SECTION 5.  Article 1 of Chapter 93E of the General Statutes is amended by adding the following new section to read:
"§ 93E‑1‑15.  Payment of fees by electronic means.
The Board may allow any of its fees to be paid through electronic means. The Board may charge a processing fee for electronic payments that does not exceed the actual cost to the Board for processing electronic payments."
SECTION 6.  G.S. 93E‑2‑4 reads as rewritten:
"§ 93E‑2‑4.  Qualifications for registration; duties of registrants.
(a)	Any person or entity desiring to be registered as an appraisal management company in this State shall make written application to the Board on forms prescribed by the Board setting forth the applicant's qualifications for registration. The application shall be accompanied by the applicable fee under G.S. 93E‑2‑6 and any other information the Board deems necessary pursuant to rules adopted by the Board. Upon receipt of a properly completed application and fee and upon a determination by the Board that the applicant is of good moral character, the Board shall issue to the applicant a certificate of registration authorizing the applicant to act as a real estate appraisal management company in this State.
(b)	The registration required by subsection (a) of this section shall include the following information:
(1)	Legal name of the entity seeking registration.
(2)	Business address of the entity seeking registration.
(3)	Phone contact information of the entity seeking registration.
(4)	If the entity is not a corporation that is domiciled in this State, the name and contact information for the company's agent for service of process in this State.
(5)	The name, address, and contact information for any individual or any corporation, partnership, or other business entity that owns ten percent (10%) or more of the appraisal management company.
(6)	The name, address, and contact information for the compliance manager.
(7)	A certification that the entity has a system and process in place to verify that a person being added to the appraiser panel of the appraisal management company holds a license in good standing in this State pursuant to the North Carolina Appraisers Act if a license or certification is required to perform appraisals.
(8)	A certification that the entity has a system in place to require that appraisers inform the appraisal management company of their areas of geographic competency, the types of properties the appraiser is competent to appraise, and the methodologies the appraiser is competent to perform.
(9)	A certification that the entity has a system in place to review the work of all independent appraisers that are performing real estate appraisal services for the appraisal management company on a periodic basis to validate that the real estate appraisal services are being conducted in accordance with the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice.
(10)	A certification that the entity maintains a detailed record of each service request that it receives and the independent appraiser that performs the residential real estate appraisal services for the appraisal management company.
(10a)	A certification that the entity has established a trust or escrow account in which the portion of all receipts from the entity's clients that are to be paid to appraisers are deposited into the account when the fees are received from the entity's client. The certification shall include the name of the financial institution in which the account is established.
(11)	An irrevocable Uniform Consent to Service of Process.
(12)	Any other information required by the Board pursuant to G.S. 93E‑2‑3.
(c)	Any registrant having a good faith belief that a real estate appraiser licensed in this State has violated applicable law or the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice or engaged in unethical conduct shall promptly file a complaint with the Board.
(d)	Registered appraisal management companies shall ensure that appraisers receive fees within 45 days of the date the appraisal is transmitted by the real estate appraiser to the registrant, except in cases of noncompliance with the conditions of the engagement. In such cases, the registrant shall notify the real estate appraiser in writing that the fees will not be paid.
(e)	To qualify to be registered as an appraisal management company, each individual who owns, directly or indirectly, more than ten percent (10%) of the appraisal management company shall be of good moral character, as determined by the Board, and shall submit all information the Board deems necessary pursuant to the rules adopted by the Board. Additionally, each owner shall certify that he or she has never had a license to act as an appraiser refused, denied, cancelled, or revoked by the State of North Carolina or any other state.
(f)	A registered appraisal management company shall not enter into any contracts or agreements with an independent appraiser for the performance of residential real estate appraisal services for properties located in this State unless the independent appraiser is licensed or certified in good standing pursuant to the North Carolina Appraisers Act.
(g)	A registered appraisal management company's trust or escrow account shall be a demand deposit account in a federally insured depository institution lawfully doing business in this State that agrees to make the institution's records of the appraisal management company's trust or escrow account available for inspection by the Commission's representatives."
SECTION 7.  G.S. 93E‑2‑6 is amended by adding the following new subsection to read:
"(d)	The Board may allow any of its fees to be paid through electronic means. The Board may charge a processing fee for electronic payments that does not exceed the actual cost to the Board for processing electronic payments."
SECTION 8.  G.S. 93E‑2‑8 reads as rewritten:
"§ 93E‑2‑8.  Disciplinary authority.
(a)	The Board may, by order, deny, suspend, revoke, or refuse to issue or renew a registration of an appraisal management company under this Article or may restrict or limit activities of a person who owns an interest in or participates in the business of an appraisal management company if the Board determines that an applicant, registrant, or any partner, member, manager, officer, director, compliance manager, or person occupying a similar status, performing similar functions, or directly or indirectly controlling the applicant or registrant has done any of the following:
(1)	Filed an application for registration that, as of its effective date or as of any date after filing, contained any statement that, in light of the circumstances under which it was made, is false or misleading with respect to any material fact.
(2)	Violated or failed to comply with any provision of this Article or any rules adopted by the Board.
(3)	Been convicted of any felony or, within the past 10 years, been convicted of any misdemeanor involving mortgage lending or real estate appraisal or any offense involving breach of trust, moral turpitude, or fraudulent or dishonest dealing.
(4)	Been permanently or temporarily enjoined by any court of competent jurisdiction from engaging in or continuing any conduct or practice involving any aspect of the real estate appraisal management business.
(5)	Been the subject of an order of the Board or any other state appraiser regulatory agency denying, suspending, or revoking the person's license as a real estate appraiser.
(6)	Acted as an appraisal management company while not properly licensed by the Board.
(7)	Failed to pay the proper filing or renewal fee under this Article.
(8)	Commingled the appraisal fees owed to appraisers with the appraisal management company's operating or other funds or failed to maintain and deposit in a trust or escrow account in a bank as provided by subsection (g) of this section all fees for appraisers received by the appraisal management company. The trust or escrow account shall not bear interest unless the appraisers authorize in writing the deposit be made in an interest-bearing account and also provide for the disbursement of the interest accrued.
(b)	The Board may, by order, summarily postpone or suspend the registration of an appraisal management company pending final determination of any proceeding under this section. Upon entering the order, the Board shall promptly notify the registrant that the order has been entered and the reasons for the order. The Board shall calendar a hearing within 15 days after the Board receives a written request for a hearing. If a registrant does not request a hearing, the order shall remain in effect until the order is modified or vacated by the Board. If a hearing is requested, after notice of and opportunity for hearing, the Board may modify or vacate the order or extend the order until the Board makes its final determination.
(c)	The Board may, by order, impose a civil penalty upon a registrant or any partner, officer, director, compliance manager, or other person occupying a similar status or performing similar functions on behalf of a registrant for any violation of this Article. The civil penalty shall not exceed ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for each violation of this Article.
(d)	In addition to other powers under this Article, upon finding that any action of a person is in violation of this Article, the Board may order the person to cease from the prohibited action. If the person subject to the order fails to appeal the order of the Board or the person appeals the order and the appeal is denied or dismissed and the person continues to engage in the prohibited action in violation of the Board's order, the person shall be subject to a civil penalty of up to twenty‑five thousand dollars ($25,000) for each violation of the order. The penalty provision of this section shall be in addition to and not in lieu of any other provision of law applicable to a registrant for the registrant's failure to comply with an order of the Board.
(e)	Unless otherwise provided, all actions and hearings under this Article shall be governed by Article 3A of Chapter 150B of the General Statutes.
(f)	When a registrant is accused of any act, omission, or misconduct that would subject the registrant to disciplinary action, the registrant, with the consent and approval of the Board, may surrender the registrant's registration and all the rights and privileges pertaining to the registrant for a minimum period of five years. A person who surrenders a registration shall not be eligible for or submit any application for registration during the period the registration is surrendered.
(g)	If the Board has reasonable grounds to believe that an appraisal management company has violated the provisions of this Article or that facts exist that would be the basis for an order against an appraisal management company, the Board may at any time, either personally or by a person duly designated by the Board, investigate or examine the books, accounts, records, and files of any registrant or other person relating to the complaint or matter under investigation. All financial records related to the trust or escrow account required by subdivision (a)(8) of this section shall be subject to audit for cause and to random audit at the discretion of and by the Board. The Board may inspect these records periodically without prior notice. The appraisal management company shall provide written authorization to the bank that holds the escrow or trust account to release any and all requested information relative to the account to the parties authorized under this section to inspect those records.
(g1)	The Board may require any registrant or other person to submit a criminal history record check and a set of that person's fingerprints in connection with any examination or investigation. Refusal to submit the requested criminal history record check or a set of fingerprints shall be grounds for disciplinary action. The reasonable cost of the investigation or examination shall be charged against the registrant.
(h)	The Board shall have the power to issue subpoenas requiring the attendance of persons and the production of papers and records before the Board in any hearing, investigation, inquiry, or other proceeding conducted by the Board. Upon the production of any papers, records, or documents, the Board shall have the power to authorize true copies of the papers, records, or documents to be substituted in the permanent record of the matter in which the books, records, or documents shall have been introduced in evidence. The Board shall be exempt from the requirements of Chapter 53B of the General Statutes with regard to subpoenas issued to compel the production of a licensee's trust account records held by an appraisal management company.
(i)	Upon a request by the Board and with reasonable notice, an appraisal management company shall produce within this State all books and records related to real estate appraisal management services provided for properties located in North Carolina."
SECTION 9.  G.S. 93E‑2‑9 is amended by adding the following new subsection to read:
"(c1)	Every appraisal management company shall maintain complete records showing the deposit, maintenance, and withdrawal of appraisal fees held in escrow or in trust for appraisers. The Board may require the appraisal management company to send copies of these records to the Board. The chief executive or financial officer of the appraisal management company shall certify under oath that the copies are true and accurate copies of the appraisal management company's records. The appraisal management company shall pay all expenses associated with the provision of these records to the Board."
SECTION 10.  G.S. 114‑19.30 reads as rewritten:
"§ 114‑19.30.  Criminal history record checks of applicants for trainee registration, appraiser certification, or registrants for registration as real estate appraisal management companies.
The Department of Justice may provide to the North Carolina Appraisal Board from the State and National Repositories of Criminal Histories the criminal history of any applicant or registrant for registration under Article 1 and Article 2 of Chapter 93E of the General Statutes. Along with the request, the Board shall provide to the Department of Justice the fingerprints of the applicant or registrant, a form signed by the applicant or registrant consenting to the criminal history record check and use of fingerprints and other identifying information required by the State and National Repositories, and any additional information required by the Department of Justice. The applicant's or registrant's fingerprints shall be forwarded to the State Bureau of Investigation for a search of the State's criminal history record file, and the State Bureau of Investigation shall forward a set of fingerprints to the Federal Bureau of Investigation for a national criminal history record check. The Board shall keep all information obtained pursuant to this section confidential. The Department of Justice may charge a fee to offset the cost incurred by the Department to conduct a criminal history record check under this section. The fee shall not exceed the actual cost of locating, editing, researching, and retrieving the information."
SECTION 11.  This act becomes effective July 1, 2014.