A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT to AUTHORIZE ADDITIONAL REVENUE OPTIONS FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENTS.
The General Assembly of North Carolina enacts:
pART 1.  LOCAL OPTION TAXes
SECTION 1.1.  Subchapter X of Chapter 105 of the General Statutes is amended by adding the following new Articles to read:
"Article 61.
"Local Government Meals Tax.
"§ 105‑610.  Short title.
This Article is the Local Government Meals Tax Act.
"§ 105‑611.  Definitions.
The definitions in G.S. 105‑164.3 apply to this Article. In addition, the following definitions apply in this Article:
(1)	City. – Defined in G.S. 153A‑1.
(2)	Person. – Defined in G.S. 105‑228.90.
(3)	Taxing unit. – A city or a county.
"§ 105‑612.  Effect of local acts.
This Article supplements but does not supplant the authority of a county or a city to levy a meals tax pursuant to a local act. If a local act authorizes a county to levy a meals tax, the maximum rate the county could otherwise levy under this Article is reduced by the maximum rate the county is authorized to levy under all local acts. If a local act authorizes a city to levy a meals tax, the local act that authorizes that tax and any tax levied under that act is repealed when the county in which that city is located levies a tax under this Article. The repeal of a local act under this section and the repeal of any tax levied under that act are effective on the date that the tax levied under this Article by the county becomes effective.
"§ 105‑613.  Levy.
(a)	Vote. – The board of commissioners of a county may direct the county board of elections to conduct a special election on the question of whether to levy a local meals tax in the county as provided in this Article. The election shall be held on a date jointly agreed upon by the two boards and shall be held in accordance with the procedures of G.S. 163‑287.
(b)	Ballot Question. – The question may either restrict the use of the tax proceeds to specific purposes designated by the board of commissioners or may contain no use restrictions. If the county wishes to restrict the use of the tax proceeds, the question to be presented on a ballot for a special election in a county concerning the levy of a tax authorized by this Article must be in the following form:
'[ ] FOR	[ ] AGAINST
[X] percent (X%) county meals tax, in addition to the current local sales and use taxes, to be used only for [specify purposes].'
If the county does not wish to restrict the use of the tax proceeds, the question to be presented on a ballot for a special election in a county concerning the levy of a tax authorized by this Article must be in the following form:
'[ ] FOR	[ ] AGAINST
[X] percent (X%) county meals tax, in addition to the current local sales and use taxes.'
(c)	Levy. – If the majority of those voting in an election held pursuant to this Article vote for the levy of the tax in a county, the board of commissioners of the county may, by resolution, levy a local meals tax of up to one percent (1%).
(d)	Scope. – The tax applies to the sales price of prepared food and drink sold within the county at retail, for consumption on or off the premises, by a retailer within the county that is subject to sales tax under G.S. 105‑164.4(a)(1). A tax levied under this Article is in addition to any State and local sales and use taxes levied pursuant to law.
(e)	Effective Date. – A meals tax becomes effective on the date specified in the resolution levying the tax. That date must be the first day of a calendar month, however, and may not be earlier than the first day of the second month after the date the resolution is adopted. When a county in which a city that is authorized to levy a meals tax under a local act levies a meals tax under this Article, the tax may not become effective earlier than the first day of the next fiscal year or earlier than the first day of the second month after the date the resolution is adopted.
"§ 105‑614.  Exemptions.
A meals tax levied under this Article does not apply to food exempted pursuant to G.S. 105‑164.13B from the taxes imposed by Article 5 of Chapter 105 of the General Statutes.
"§ 105‑615.  Collection.
Every retailer subject to a tax levied under this Article must, on and after the effective date of the levy of the tax, collect the tax. This tax must be collected as part of the charge for furnishing prepared food and drink. The tax must be stated and charged separately from the sales records and must be paid by the purchaser to the retailer as trustee for and on account of the county. The tax must be added to the sales price and passed on to the purchaser instead of being borne by the retailer. The county must design, print, and furnish to all appropriate businesses and persons in the county the necessary forms for filing returns and instructions to ensure the full collection of the tax.
"§ 105‑616.  Administration.
The county must administer a tax levied under this Article. A tax levied under this Article is due and payable to the county finance officer in monthly installments on or before the 15th day of the month following the month in which the tax accrues. Every retailer liable for the tax must, on or before the 15th day of each month, prepare and file a return on a form prescribed by the county. The return must show the total gross receipts derived in the preceding month from sales to which the tax applies.
A return filed with the county finance officer under this Article is not a public record and may not be disclosed except as provided in G.S. 153A‑148.1.
"§ 105‑617.  Distribution and use.
(a)	Distribution. – The taxing county must distribute the net proceeds of the tax levied under this Article quarterly between the county and its cities on a per capita basis. To make the per capita distributions required by this section, the county must first compute a per capita distributable amount by dividing the amount to be distributed by the total population of the county plus the population of all cities located in the county. The county must then distribute to each taxing unit in the county, including the county itself, the product of the population of the taxing unit and the per capita distributable amount. In making the per capita calculations under this section, the county must use the most recent annual population estimates certified by the State Planning Officer.
(b)	Use. – Cities and counties may use the proceeds of a tax levied under this Article for any lawful purpose. If the special election approved by the voters restricted the use of the tax proceeds to specified purposes, the proceeds may be used only in accordance with those restrictions.
"§ 105‑618.  Refunds.
The county must refund to a nonprofit or governmental entity the meals tax paid by the entity on eligible purchases of prepared food and drink. A nonprofit or governmental entity's purchase of prepared food and drink is eligible for a refund under this section if the entity is entitled to a refund under G.S. 105‑164.14(b) or (c) of local sales and use tax paid on the purchase. The time limitations, application requirements, penalties, and restrictions provided in G.S. 105‑164.14(b) and (d) apply to refunds to nonprofit entities; the time, limitations, application requirements, penalties, and restrictions provided in G.S. 105‑164.14(c), (d), and (e) apply to refunds to governmental entities. When an entity applies for a refund of the meals tax paid by it on purchases, it must attach to its application a copy of the application submitted to the Department of Revenue under G.S. 105‑164.14 for a refund of the sales and use tax on the same purchases. An applicant for a refund under this subsection must provide any information required by the county to substantiate the claim.
"§ 105‑619.  Penalties.
The penalties provided in G.S. 153A‑154.1 apply to a tax levied under this Article.
"§ 105‑620.  Repeal or reduction.
A meals tax levied under this Article may be repealed or reduced by a resolution adopted by the board of commissioners of the taxing county. Repeal or reduction of a meals tax must become effective on the first day of a month and may not become effective until the end of the fiscal year in which the resolution was adopted. Repeal or reduction of a meals tax does not affect a liability for a tax that was attached before the effective date of the repeal or reduction, nor does it affect a right to a refund of a tax that accrued before the effective date of the repeal or reduction.
"Article 62.
"Local Government Occupancy Tax.
"§ 105‑625.  Short title.
This Article is the Local Government Occupancy Tax Act.
"§ 105‑626.  Definitions.
The following definitions apply in this Article:
(1)	City. – Defined in G.S. 153A‑1.
(2)	Taxing unit. – A city or a county.
"§ 105‑627.  Effect of local acts.
(a)	Limitations. – This Article supplements but does not supplant the authority of a county or a city to levy an occupancy tax pursuant to a local act. If a local act authorizes a county to levy an occupancy tax, the maximum rate the county could otherwise levy under this Article is reduced by the maximum rate the county is authorized to levy under all local acts, and the maximum rate any city in the county could otherwise levy under this Article may not exceed a total of six percent (6%) when added to the maximum rate the county is authorized to levy under all local acts. If a local act authorizes a city to levy an occupancy tax, the maximum rate the city could otherwise levy under this Article is reduced by the maximum rate the city is authorized to levy under all local acts, and the maximum rate the county in which the city is located could otherwise levy under this Article may not exceed a total of six percent (6%) when added to the maximum rate the city is authorized to levy under all local acts.
(b)	Examples of Limitations. – The following examples illustrate the limitations provided in subsection (a) of this section:
(1)	If a local act authorizes a city to levy an occupancy tax of up to one percent (1%), the maximum rate the city can levy under this Article is two percent (2%) and the maximum rate the county can levy under this Article is five percent (5%), whether or not the city levies the tax authorized by local act.
(2)	If a local act authorizes a county to levy an occupancy tax of up to six percent (6%), neither the county nor any city in the county may levy an occupancy tax under this Article, whether or not the county levies the tax authorized by local act.
"§ 105‑628.  Levy.
(a)	Vote. – The governing body of a taxing unit may direct the county board of elections to conduct a special election on the question of whether to levy a local occupancy tax in the taxing unit as provided in this Article. The election shall be held on a date jointly agreed upon by the governing body and the board of elections and shall be held in accordance with the procedures of G.S. 163‑287.
(b)	Ballot Question. – The question may either restrict the use of the tax proceeds to specific purposes designated by the governing body or may contain no use restrictions. If the taxing unit wishes to restrict the use of the tax proceeds, the question to be presented on a ballot for a special election in a taxing unit concerning the levy of a tax authorized by this Article must be in the following form:
'[ ] FOR	[ ] AGAINST
[X] percent (X%) local occupancy tax, in addition to the current local sales and use taxes, to be used only for [specify purposes].'
If the taxing unit does not wish to restrict the use of the tax proceeds, the question to be presented on a ballot for a special election in a taxing unit concerning the levy of a tax authorized by this Article must be in the following form:
'[ ] FOR	[ ] AGAINST
[X] percent (X%) local occupancy tax, in addition to the current local sales and use taxes.'
(c)	Levy. – If the majority of those voting in an election held pursuant to this Article vote for the levy of the tax within a taxing district, the governing body of the taxing district may, by resolution, levy a local occupancy tax of up to the maximum rate provided in this Article.
(d)	Maximum Rate. – Subject to the limitations provided in G.S. 105‑627, the maximum rate of tax that a county may levy under this Article is a total of six percent (6%) when added to the rate of any occupancy tax levied by a city within the county. Subject to the limitations provided in G.S. 105‑627, the maximum rate of tax that a city may levy under this Article is three percent (3%). 
(e)	Scope. – The tax applies to the gross receipts derived from the rental of any room, lodging, or accommodation furnished by a hotel, motel, inn, tourist camp, or similar place within the taxing unit that is subject to sales tax imposed by the State under G.S. 105‑164.4(a)(3). The tax is in addition to any State or local sales tax.
"§ 105‑629.  Administration.
A tax levied under this Article shall be levied, administered, collected, and repealed as provided in G.S. 153A‑155 in the case of a county tax and in G.S. 160A‑215 in the case of a city tax. The penalties provided in G.S. 153A‑155 and G.S. 160A‑215 apply to a tax levied under this Article.
"§ 105‑630.  Use.
A taxing unit may use the proceeds of a tax levied under this Article for any lawful purpose. If the special election approved by the voters restricted the use of the tax proceeds to specified purposes, the proceeds may be used only in accordance with those restrictions.
"Article 63.
"Local Government Excise Tax on Conveyances.
"§ 105‑635.  Short title.
This Article is the Local Government Excise Tax on Conveyances Act.
"§ 105‑636.  Effect of local acts.
This Article supplements but does not supplant the authority of a county to levy an excise tax on conveyances pursuant to a local act. If a local act authorizes a county to levy an excise tax on conveyances, the maximum rate the county could otherwise levy under this Article is reduced by the maximum rate the county is authorized to levy under all local acts.
"§ 105‑637.  Levy.
(a)	Vote. – The board of commissioners of a county may direct the county board of elections to conduct a special election on the question of whether to levy a local excise tax on conveyances in the county as provided in this Article. The election shall be held on a date jointly agreed upon by the two boards and shall be held in accordance with the procedures of G.S. 163‑287.
(b)	Ballot Question. – The question may either restrict the use of the tax proceeds to specific purposes designated by the board of commissioners or may contain no use restrictions. If the county wishes to restrict the use of the tax proceeds, the question to be presented on a ballot for a special election in a county concerning the levy of a tax authorized by this Article must be in the following form:
'[ ] FOR	[ ] AGAINST
[X] percent (X%) county excise tax on conveyances of real property, in addition to the current State excise tax on conveyances of real property, to be used only for [specify purposes].'
If the taxing unit does not wish to restrict the use of the tax proceeds, the question to be presented on a ballot for a special election in a taxing unit concerning the levy of a tax authorized by this Article must be in the following form:
'[ ] FOR	[ ] AGAINST
[X] percent (X%) county excise tax on conveyances of real property, in addition to the current State excise tax on conveyances of real property.'
(c)	Levy. – If the majority of those voting in an election held pursuant to this Article vote for the levy of the tax in a county, the board of commissioners of the county may, by resolution, levy a local excise tax on conveyances at a rate of up to one percent (1%) on instruments conveying interests in real property located in the county.
(d)	Basis and Effective Date. – The tax applies to the consideration or value, whichever is greater, of the interest conveyed, including the value of any lien or encumbrance remaining on the property at the time of sale. The levy of the tax may become effective only on the first day of a calendar month set in the resolution levying the tax, which may not be earlier than the first day of the second succeeding calendar month after the date the resolution is adopted.
"§ 105‑638.  Administration.
(a)	Resolution. – The board of commissioners of a county must, upon adoption of a resolution levying a tax under this Article, immediately deliver a certified copy of the resolution to the register of deeds of the county. Upon receipt of this document, the register of deeds shall administer the tax in the county as provided in this Article.
(b)	Scope. – A tax levied under this Article does not apply to a transfer exempt pursuant to G.S. 105‑228.28 or G.S. 105‑228.29 from the tax levied by Article 8E of this Chapter. In addition, the tax does not apply to a transfer to the owner's spouse, siblings, parents, grandparents, children, or grandchildren.
The tax is in addition to the tax levied by Article 8E of this Chapter. A tax levied under this Article applies to transfers of interests in real property located within the county. If the property is located in two or more counties, a transfer of an interest in the property is taxable only by the county in which the greater part of the property, with respect to value, lies.
(c)	Collection. – A tax levied under this Article is payable by the transferor of the interest. Except as otherwise provided in this Article, the provisions of G.S. 105‑228.32 through G.S. 105‑228.37 apply to a tax levied under this Article. The county must provide metering or similar equipment for the collection of the tax in lieu of the use of tax stamps.(d)	Repeal or Reduction. – A taxing county may, by resolution, repeal or reduce the rate of a tax levied under this Article. Repeal or reduction of the tax must become effective on the first day of a month and may not become effective until the end of the fiscal year in which the repeal or reduction resolution was adopted. Repeal of an excise tax on conveyances, or reduction of its rate, under this Article does not affect a liability for a tax that attached before the effective date of the repeal or reduction, nor does it affect a right to a refund of a tax that accrued before the effective date of the repeal or reduction.
"§ 105‑639.  Distribution and use.
(a)	Distribution. – A taxing county must distribute the net proceeds of a tax levied under this Article between the county and the cities and towns located in the county according to the formula by which local sales tax proceeds are divided between the county and its cities and towns under G.S. 105‑472 or under Chapter 1096 of the 1967 Session Laws.
(b)	Use. – The proceeds of the tax may be used for any lawful purpose. If the special election approved by the voters restricted the use of the tax proceeds to specified purposes, the proceeds may be used only in accordance with those restrictions."
SECTION 1.2.  Section 5 of Chapter 413 of the 1993 Session Laws reads as rewritten:
"Sec. 5. Administration. – A tax levied under this act is due and payable to the county in monthly installments on or before the 15th day of the month following the month in which the tax accrues. Every retailer liable for the tax shall, on or before the 15th day of each month, prepare and render a return on a form prescribed by the county. The return shall show the total gross receipts derived in the preceding month from sales to which the tax applies. The county shall design, print, and furnish to all appropriate retailers the necessary forms for filing returns and instructions to ensure the full collection of the tax.
A return filed with the county under this act is not a public record and may not be disclosed except as provided in G.S. 153A‑148.1."
SECTION 1.3.  Section 1(e) of Chapter 449 of the 1993 Session Laws reads as rewritten:
"Section 1. Hillsborough Prepared Food and Beverage Tax.
…
(e)	Administration. – The town shall administer a tax levied under this section. A tax levied under this section is due and payable to the town's finance officer in monthly installments on or before the 15th day of the month following the month in which the tax accrues. Every retailer liable for the tax shall, on or before the 15th day of each month, prepare and render a return on a form prescribed by the town. The return shall show the total gross receipts derived in the preceding month from sales to which the tax applies.
A return filed with the town's finance officer under this section is not a public record and may not be disclosed except in accordance with G.S. 160A‑208.1."

Part 2.  Impact Fees
SECTION 2.  The General Statutes are amended by adding a new Chapter to read:
"Chapter 159J.
"Local Government Impact Fees.
"§ 159J‑1.  Purpose.
It is the purpose of this Chapter to place an equitable share of the cost of providing new community service facilities upon all new inhabitants and upon those associated with the development process.
"§ 159J‑2.  Definitions.
The following definitions apply in this Chapter:
(1)	Capital costs. – Costs spent for developing community service facilities. Capital costs are limited to capital outlay items listed in the 'Uniform Local Government Accounting Systems' procedural manual prepared by the North Carolina Local Government Commission.
(2)	Community services facilities. – The following public facilities or improvements provided or established by the local government or in conjunction with other units of government:
a.	Water, sewer, and drainage projects.
b.	Parks, open spaces, and recreational facilities.
c.	Streets, sidewalks, thoroughfare rights‑of‑way, and public transit stations and capital equipment.
d.	Emergency medical services facilities.
e.	Fire stations.
f.	Schools.
g.	Cultural facilities, including libraries.
h.	Solid waste collection, handling, disposal, and recycling.
(3)	Developer. – An individual, corporation, partnership, organization, association, firm, political subdivision, or other legal entity constructing or creating new construction.
(4)	Impact fee. – The charge imposed upon new construction under this Chapter.
(5)	Local government. – A city as defined by G.S. 160A‑1 or a county.
(6)	New construction. – Any new development, construction, or installation for which a building or zoning permit, a certification, or any other type of governmental approval is required. New construction includes the installation of a mobile home, factory‑built housing, or modular housing. New construction does not include (i) renovation and repair of existing structures, structures incidental to accessory uses, or additions, unless the renovation, repairs, or additions will cause an increase in off‑street parking requirements or a change in occupancy as occupancy is defined by the North Carolina State Building Code and (ii) fences, billboards, poles, pipelines, transmission lines, advertising signs, or similar structures that do not generate a need for community service facilities.
"§ 159J‑3.  Imposition of impact fee.
(a)	A city may not impose an impact fee for schools. A city may, for the purposes of placing an equitable share of the cost of providing other new community service facilities upon developers and inhabitants of newly developed areas, impose an impact fee upon all new construction within the city's corporate limits or extraterritorial planning jurisdiction.
(b)	A county may, for the purpose of placing an equitable share of the cost of providing new community service facilities upon developers and inhabitants of newly developed areas, impose an impact fee, other than for schools, upon all new construction in the county that is not within a city's corporate limits or extraterritorial planning jurisdiction.
(c)	A county may impose an impact fee for schools upon all new construction within the county for the purpose of placing an equitable share of the cost of providing community service facilities upon developers and inhabitants of newly developed areas.
"§ 159J‑4.  Amount of fee.
(a)	The amount of each impact fee imposed shall be uniform and based upon the capital costs to be incurred by the local government as a result of the new construction. In establishing the impact fee, the local government may establish zones within which the costs of providing community service facilities are estimated. Zones may have different impact fees, depending upon the community service facilities available and the extent to which capital costs have been paid in each zone. Facilities upon which fees are based must directly result in additional capital costs, and fees must be expended within the same zone as or otherwise benefit the new construction upon which the fee is imposed. The governing body of the local government must hold a public hearing before it may establish the zones authorized in this section.
(b)	The amount of each impact fee shall be based upon documented needs and upon specific classifications and rates that shall be uniformly applied. Classifications upon which fees are based must account for the costs and extent of the additional burden placed upon community service facilities by different types and sizes of new construction.
(c)	Before imposing an impact fee, the local government shall prepare, or have prepared, a report containing each of the following:
(1)	A description of the anticipated capital cost to the local government of each additional or expanded community service facility necessitated by the new construction.
(2)	A description of the characteristics of the new construction that necessitate the additional or expanded community service facility, such as population, trip generation, stormwater runoff, and flow characteristics.
(3)	A plan for providing the community service facilities necessitated by the new construction.
"§ 159J‑5.  Enactment of ordinances.
A local government may enact ordinances to exercise the authority granted by this Chapter. Before enacting any ordinance to exercise the authority granted by this Chapter, a local government must hold a public hearing on the ordinance. Notice of the public hearing shall be given in accordance with G.S. 153A‑323 or G.S. 160A‑364.
"§ 159J‑6.  Funds.
Funds for each community service facility for which an impact fee is collected shall be placed in a separate capital reserve fund under Part 2 of Article 3 of Chapter 159 of the General Statutes. Separate capital reserve funds shall be established for separate zones. All funds shall be expended for the facility for which they were collected. Payment of impact fees does not entitle the payer to any greater right to use or ownership in the facility for which the fee is collected than is shared by the general public.
"§ 159J‑7.  Credits for improvements.
An ordinance adopted under this Chapter shall provide for credits against required impact fees when a developer installs improvements of a type that generally would be paid for by the local government out of a capital reserve account funded by impact fees. The ordinance may specify the circumstances under which a developer will be allowed to install improvements and receive credits.
"§ 159J‑8.  Effect on local acts.
This Chapter supplements but does not supplant the authority of a local government to levy an impact fee under a local act.
"§ 159J‑9.  Challenge to impact fee.
To challenge an impact fee, a developer shall pay the amount charged by the local government, clearly identify that payment is made under protest, and give notice of appeal within 30 days after the date that payment under protest is made. The notice required by this section shall be delivered by personal service or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, to:
(1)	In the case of an impact fee levied by a city:
a.	The city manager; or
b.	The mayor, if the city does not have a city manager.
(2)	In the case of an impact fee levied by a county:
a.	The county manager; or
b.	The chair of the county board of commissioners, if the county does not have a county manager.
The governing body of the local government shall hold a public hearing to review the appeal within 35 days after receiving the notice of appeal. The decision of the governing body on the appeal is subject to review by the superior court of the county where the new construction is to occur, in the nature of certiorari. A petition for review by the superior court shall be filed with the Clerk of Superior Court within 30 days after the date that the governing body delivers its decision in writing, either by personal service or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, to the appealing party."

Part 3.  Effective Date
SECTION 3.  This act is effective when it becomes law.