A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT to provide Wake County with additional revenue options.
The General Assembly of North Carolina enacts:
SECTION 1.  This act applies to Wake County only.
SECTION 2.  Subchapter VIII of Chapter 105 of the General Statutes is amended by adding a new Article to read:
"Article 46.
"Second One‑Cent (1¢) Local Government Sales and Use Tax.
"§ 105‑535.  Short title.
This Article is the Second One‑Cent (1¢) Local Government Sales and Use Tax Act.
"§ 105‑536.  Limitations.
This Article applies only to counties that levy the first one‑cent (1¢) local sales and use tax under Article 39 of this Chapter or under Chapter 1096 of the 1967 Session Laws, the first one‑half cent (1/2¢) local sales and use tax under Article 40 of this Chapter, the second one‑half cent (1/2¢) local sales and use tax under Article 42 of this Chapter, and the third one‑half cent (1/2¢) local sales and use tax under Article 44 of this Chapter.
"§ 105‑537.  Levy.
(a)	Authority. – If the majority of those voting in a referendum held pursuant to this Article vote for the levy of the taxes, the board of commissioners of the county may, by resolution, levy one percent (1%) local sales and use taxes in addition to any other State and local sales and use taxes levied pursuant to law.
(b)	Vote. – The board of commissioners of a county may, by resolution, direct the county board of elections to conduct an advisory referendum on the question of whether to levy local one percent (1%) sales and use taxes in the county as provided in this Article. The election shall be held on a date jointly agreed upon by the two boards and shall be held in accordance with the procedures of G.S. 163‑287.
(c)	Ballot Question. – The form of the question to be presented on a ballot for a special election concerning the levy of the taxes authorized by this Article shall be:
'[ ] FOR	[ ] AGAINST
One percent (1%) local sales and use taxes, in addition to the current local sales and use taxes, to be used only for public school capital outlay purposes and transportation purposes.'
"§ 105‑538.  Administration.
Except as provided in this Article, the adoption, levy, collection, administration, and repeal of the additional taxes authorized by this Article shall be in accordance with Article 39 of this Chapter. A tax levied under this Article does not apply to the sales price of food that is exempt from tax pursuant to G.S. 105‑164.13B.
"§ 105‑539.  Distribution and use.
(a)	Distribution. – The Secretary shall, on a monthly basis, distribute to each taxing county the net proceeds of the tax collected in that county under this Article. If the Secretary collects taxes under this Article in a month and the taxes cannot be identified as being attributable to a particular taxing county, the Secretary shall allocate these taxes among the taxing counties in proportion to the amount of taxes collected in each county under this Article in that month and shall include them in the monthly distribution. The counties are not required to share taxes distributed under this Article with municipalities.
(b)	Use. – Counties may use one‑half of the proceeds of a tax levied under this Article only for public school capital outlay purposes as defined in G.S. 115C‑426(f) and to retire indebtedness incurred by the counties for these purposes on or after January 1, 2003, and may use one‑half of the proceeds of a tax levied under this Article for transportation purposes only."
SECTION 3.  Chapter 105 of the General Statutes is amended by adding a new Subchapter to read:
"SUBCHAPTER X. LOCAL OPTION COUNTY TAXES.
"Article 60.
"Land Transfer Tax.
"§ 105‑600.  Short title.
This Article is the County Land Transfer Tax Act.
"§ 105‑601.  Levy.
(a)	Authority. – If the majority of those voting in a referendum held pursuant to this Article vote for the levy of the tax, the board of county commissioners may, by resolution and after 10 days' public notice, levy a local land transfer tax on instruments conveying interests in real property located in the county, up to a rate of one percent (1%).
(b)	Vote. – The board of county commissioners may direct the county board of elections to conduct an advisory referendum on the question of whether to levy a local land transfer tax in the county as provided in this Article. The election shall be held on a date jointly agreed upon by the board of county commissioners and the board of elections and shall be held in accordance with the procedures of G.S. 163‑287.
(c)	Ballot Question. – The form of the question to be presented on a ballot for a special election concerning the levy of the tax authorized by this Article shall be:
'[ ] FOR	[ ] AGAINST
Real property transfer tax at the rate of up to one percent (1%) of value or consideration.'
(d)	Resolution. – The board of county commissioners must, upon adoption of a resolution levying a tax under this Article, immediately deliver a certified copy of the resolution to the register of deeds of the county, accompanied by a certified statement from the county board of elections setting forth the results of the special election approving the tax in the county. Upon receipt of these documents, the register of deeds shall administer the tax in the county as provided in this Article.
"§ 105‑602.  Scope of tax.
(a)	Scope. – A tax levied under this Article does not apply to transfers exempt pursuant to G.S. 105‑228.28 or G.S. 105‑228.29 from the tax levied by Article 8E of this Chapter. The tax is in addition to the tax levied by Article 8E of this Chapter. A tax levied under this Article applies to transfers of interests in real property located within the county. If the property is located in two or more counties, a transfer of an interest in the property is taxable only by the county in which the greater part of the property, with respect to value, lies.
(b)	Basis and Effective Date. – A tax levied under this Article applies to the consideration or value, whichever is greater, of the interest conveyed, including the value of any lien or encumbrance remaining on the property at the time of conveyance. The levy of the tax may become effective only on the first day of a calendar month set in the resolution levying the tax, which may not be earlier than the first day of the second succeeding calendar month after the date the resolution is adopted.
"§ 105‑603.  Administration.
A tax levied under this Article is payable by the transferor of the interest. Except as otherwise provided in this Article, the provisions of G.S. 105‑228.32 through G.S. 105‑228.37 apply to a tax levied under this Article. The county must provide metering or similar equipment for the collection of the tax in lieu of the use of tax stamps.
"§ 105‑604.  Repeal or reduction.
A county may, by resolution, repeal or reduce the rate of a tax levied under this Article. Repeal or reduction of the tax must become effective on the first day of a calendar month and may not become effective until the end of the fiscal year in which the repeal or reduction resolution was adopted. Repeal of a land transfer tax, or reduction of its rate, under this Article does not affect a liability for a tax that attached before the effective date of the repeal or reduction, nor does it affect a right to a refund of a tax that accrued before the effective date of the repeal or reduction.
"§ 105‑605.  Effect on local acts.
If a county levies a land transfer tax under this Article, that county may not also levy a land transfer tax under a local act. This section does not repeal any local act authorizing a county to levy a land transfer tax. However, a county's levy of a land transfer tax under this Article automatically removes the county's authority to levy a land transfer tax under a local act. Repeal of a county's land transfer tax levied under this Article does not revive the county's authority to levy a land transfer tax under a local act."
SECTION 4.  The General Statutes are amended by adding a new Chapter to read:
"Chapter 159J.
"County Impact Fees.
"§ 159J‑1.  Purpose.
It is the purpose of this Chapter to place an equitable share of the cost of providing new community service facilities upon all new inhabitants and upon those associated with the development process.
"§ 159J‑2.  Definitions.
The following definitions apply in this Chapter:
(1)	Capital costs. – Costs spent for developing community service facilities. Capital costs are limited to capital outlay items listed in the 'Uniform Local Government Accounting Systems' procedural manual prepared by the North Carolina Local Government Commission.
(2)	Community services facilities. – The following public facilities or improvements provided or established by the county or in conjunction with other units of government:
a.	Water, sewer, and drainage projects.
b.	Parks, open spaces, and recreational facilities.
c.	Streets, sidewalks, thoroughfare rights‑of‑way, and public transit stations and capital equipment.
d.	Emergency medical services facilities.
e.	Fire stations.
f.	Schools.
g.	Cultural facilities, including libraries.
h.	Solid waste collection, handling, disposal, and recycling.
(3)	Developer. – An individual, corporation, partnership, organization, association, firm, political subdivision, or other legal entity constructing or creating new construction.
(4)	Impact fee. – The charge imposed upon new construction under this Chapter.
(5)	New construction. – Any new development, construction, or installation for which a building or zoning permit, a certification, or any other type of governmental approval is required. New construction includes the installation of a mobile home, factory‑built housing, or modular housing. New construction does not include: (i) renovation and repair of existing structures, structures incidental to accessory uses, or additions, unless the renovation, repairs, or additions will cause an increase in off‑street parking requirements or a change in occupancy as occupancy is defined by the North Carolina State Building Code; (ii) fences, billboards, poles, pipelines, transmission lines, advertising signs, or similar structures that do not generate a need for community service facilities.
"§ 159J‑3.  Imposition of impact fee.
(a)	Vote. – The board of county commissioners may direct the county board of elections to conduct a special election on the question of whether to impose an impact fee in the county as provided in this Article. The election shall be held on a date jointly agreed upon by the board of county commissioners and the board of elections and shall be held in accordance with the procedures of G.S. 163‑287.
(b)	Ballot Question. – The question to be presented on a ballot for a special election in a county concerning the imposition of an impact fee authorized by this Article must be in the following form:
'[ ] FOR	[ ] AGAINST
County impact fees to be used only for the provision of new community service facilities.'
(c)	Imposition. – If a majority of those voting in an election held pursuant to this Article vote for the imposition of an impact fee, a county may, for the purpose of placing an equitable share of the cost of providing new community service facilities upon developers and inhabitants of newly developed areas, impose an impact fee upon all new construction within the county for the purpose of placing an equitable share of the cost of providing community service facilities upon developers and inhabitants of newly developed areas.
"§ 159J‑4.  Amount of fee.
(a)	The amount of each impact fee imposed shall be uniform and based upon the capital costs to be incurred by the county as a result of the new construction. In establishing the impact fee, the county may establish zones within which the costs of providing community service facilities are estimated. Zones may have different impact fees, depending upon the community service facilities available and the extent to which capital costs have been paid in each zone. Facilities upon which fees are based must directly result in additional capital costs, and fees must be expended within the same zone as, or otherwise benefit, the new construction upon which the fee is imposed. The board of county commissioners must hold a public hearing before it may establish the zones authorized in this section.
(b)	The amount of each impact fee shall be based upon documented needs and upon specific classifications and rates that shall be uniformly applied. Classifications upon which fees are based must account for the costs and extent of the additional burden placed upon community service facilities by different types and sizes of new construction.
(c)	Before imposing an impact fee, the county shall prepare, or have prepared, a report containing each of the following:
(1)	A description of the anticipated capital cost to the county of each additional or expanded community service facility necessitated by the new construction.
(2)	A description of the characteristics of the new construction that necessitate the additional or expanded community service facility, such as population, trip generation, stormwater runoff, and flow characteristics.
(3)	A plan for providing the community service facilities necessitated by the new construction.
"§ 159J‑5.  Enactment of ordinances.
A county may enact ordinances to exercise the authority granted by this Chapter. Before enacting any ordinance to exercise the authority granted by this Chapter, a county must hold a public hearing on the ordinance. Notice of the public hearing shall be given in accordance with G.S. 153A‑323.
"§ 159J‑6.  Funds.
Funds for each community service facility for which an impact fee is collected shall be placed in a separate capital reserve fund under Part 2 of Article 3 of Chapter 159 of the General Statutes. Separate capital reserve funds shall be established for separate zones. All funds shall be expended for the facility for which they were collected. Payment of impact fees does not entitle the payer to any greater right to use or ownership in the facility for which the fee is collected than is shared by the general public.
"§ 159J‑7.  Credits for improvements.
An ordinance adopted under this Chapter shall provide for credits against required impact fees when a developer installs improvements of a type that generally would be paid for by the county out of a capital reserve account funded by impact fees. The ordinance may specify the circumstances under which a developer will be allowed to install improvements and receive credits.
"§ 159J‑8.  Effect on local acts.
If a county levies an impact fee under this Article, that county may not also levy an impact fee under a local act. This section does not repeal any local act authorizing a county to levy an impact fee. However, a county's levy of an impact fee under this Article automatically removes the county's authority to levy an impact fee under a local act. Repeal of a county's impact fee levied under this Article does not revive the county's authority to levy an impact fee under a local act.
"§ 159J‑9.  Challenge to impact fee.
To challenge an impact fee, a developer shall pay the amount charged by the county, clearly identify that payment is made under protest, and give notice of appeal within 30 days after the date that payment under protest is made. The notice required by this section shall be delivered by personal service or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, to the county manager or the chair of the county board of commissioners if the county does not have a county manager.
The board of county commissioners shall hold a public hearing to review the appeal within 30 days after receiving the notice of appeal. The decision of the board of county commissioners on the appeal is subject to review by the superior court of the county where the new construction is to occur, in the nature of certiorari. A petition for review by the superior court shall be filed with the Clerk of Superior Court within 30 days after the date that the board of county commissioners delivers its decision in writing, either by personal service, or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, to the appealing party."
SECTION 5.  Notwithstanding any other provision of law, if Wake County holds an advisory referendum on any of the ballot questions authorized by this act, the County shall hold, at the same time, advisory referenda on all of the ballot questions authorized by this act.
SECTION 6.  This act is effective when it becomes law.