A BILL TO BE ENTITLED
AN ACT to provide for the enforcement of tolls at toll facilities operated by the North Carolina Turnpike Authority.
The General Assembly of North Carolina enacts:
SECTION 1.  Chapter 20 of the General Statutes is amended by adding a new Article to read:
"Article 18.
"Toll Violation Enforcement.
"§ 20‑400. Definitions. 
Unless the context requires otherwise, the following definitions apply to this Article to the defined words and phrases and their cognates: 
(1)	Authority. – The North Carolina Turnpike Authority acting directly or through its duly authorized officers or agents to collect tolls or fees for the use of any road, bridge, or tunnel.
(2)	Toll facility. – Any road, bridge, or tunnel for which tolls or fees are charged for the use thereof.
(3)	Processing agency. – A toll enforcement agent, designated by the Authority, responsible for the processing of the notices of toll evasions and notices of delinquent toll evasions. A processing agency may include a public agency or private vendor that the Authority contracts with for the processing of notices of toll evasions and notices of delinquent toll evasions. 
"§ 20‑401. Payment of toll on toll facilities required.
(a)	A person may not use any toll facility without payment of tolls, except as provided by statute, ordinance, or rule of the Authority. 
(b)	If a vehicle is found by automated devices, visual observation, or otherwise to have evaded tolls on any toll facility, the Authority, or a processing agency, shall, within 30 days of the violation, forward to the registered owner of the vehicle a notice of toll evasion violation setting forth the violation, including reference to the section violated, the approximate time, and the location of the violation. If accurate information concerning the identity and address of the registered owner of the vehicle is not available to the processing agency within 30 days of the violation, the processing agency shall have an additional 45 calendar days to obtain such information and forward the notice of toll evasion violation. Where the registered owner is a repeat violator, the processing agency shall forward the notice of toll evasion violation within 90 calendar days of the violation. "Repeat violator" means any registered owner that has had more than five violations issued pursuant to this section in any 30‑day period within the preceding 12‑month period. The notice of toll evasion violation shall also set forth the following:
(1)	The vehicle license plate number.
(2)	If practicable, the registration expiration date and the make of the vehicle.
(3)	A clear and concise explanation of the procedures for contesting the violation and appealing an adverse decision. 
(c)	A violation of subsection (a) of this section is an infraction subject to a penalty established pursuant to G.S. 20‑404(b). The collection of penalties assessed pursuant to the section shall be governed by the administrative procedures established by the Authority pursuant to G.S. 20‑402. 
"§ 20‑402. Administrative adjudication. 
The Authority shall establish a system of administrative adjudication to adjudicate alleged instances of a vehicle's operation on a toll facility without the required toll having been paid. The provisions of Chapter 150B of the General Statutes shall not apply to the Authority or its processing agents.
"§ 20‑403. Judicial review.
(a)	The contestant may seek judicial review of the processing agency's final decision by filing a written notice of appeal to the superior court, in the county where the alleged violation took place, within 20 days after the mailing of the final decision by the processing agency. The appeal shall be heard by a judge, with no right to a jury trial, and the standard of review shall be de novo. The contents of the processing agency's file in the case on appeal shall be received in evidence if the contents can be shown not to create an unfair prejudice toward the alleged violator. A copy of the notice of toll evasion violation shall be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein. A copy of the written notice of appeal shall be served upon the Authority or the processing agency in a manner consistent with Rule 4 of the North Carolina Rules of Civil Procedure.
(b)	If no written notice of appeal of the processing agency's decision is filed within the period set forth in subsection (a) of this section, the decision shall be deemed final.
(c)	If the toll evasion penalty has not been deposited and the decision is adverse to the contestant, the processing agency may, promptly after the decision becomes final, proceed to collect the penalty under G.S. 20‑407.
"§ 20‑404. Toll evasion penalties.
(a)	The notice of toll evasion violation shall be accompanied by a written notice of the toll evasion penalty due for that violation and the address of the person authorized to receive a deposit of the toll evasion penalty, to whom payments may be sent, and a statement, in bold print, that payments of the toll evasion penalty for the toll evasion violation may be sent through the mail.
(b)	A schedule of toll evasion penalties for toll evasion violations shall be established by the Authority, but shall not exceed the amount of the unpaid toll plus one hundred dollars ($100.00) per violation. 
(c)	Toll evasion penalties under this Article shall be collected as civil penalties.
(d)	If the toll evasion penalty is received by the person authorized to receive the deposit of the toll evasion penalty and there is no contest as to that toll evasion violation, the proceedings under this Article shall terminate.
(e)	The amount of the unpaid toll shall be retained by or remitted to the Authority. The Authority shall remit all penalties assessed pursuant to this Article to the Civil Penalty and Forfeiture Fund established pursuant to G.S. 115C‑457.1. 
"§ 20‑405. Notice of delinquent toll evasion violation. 
(a)	If the payment of the toll evasion penalty is not received by the person authorized to receive a deposit of the toll evasion penalty by the time and date fixed for appearance on the notice of toll evasion violation, the processing agency shall serve or mail to the registered owner a notice of the delinquent toll evasion violation.
(b)	Delivery of a notice of delinquent toll evasion violation under this section may be made by personal service or by first‑class mail addressed to the registered owner.
(c)	The notice of delinquent toll evasion violation shall contain the information specified in G.S. 20‑401(b) and  shall also contain a notice to the registered owner that, unless the registered owner pays the toll evasion penalty or contests the notice within 15 days after the date postmarked on the mailing of the notice of delinquent toll evasion violation or completes and files an affidavit of non‑liability which complies with G.S. 20‑406(a) or (b), the renewal of the vehicle registration shall be blocked by the Division until all tolls, penalties, and fees assessed pursuant to this Article are paid in full. If the registered owner, by appearance or by mail, makes payment to the processing agency within 15 days of the mailing of the notice of the delinquent toll evasion violation, the toll evasion penalty shall consist of the amount of the original penalty without any additional administrative fees or charges.
(d)	If the registered owner fails to pay the toll evasion penalty, as required, or fails to contest the violation, as provided in G.S. 20‑401(b)(3), the registered owner shall be deemed responsible for the violation and the toll evasion penalty and any administrative fees or charges shall be due to the Authority by the registered owner.
(e)	The notice of the delinquent toll evasion violation shall contain, or be accompanied with, an affidavit of non‑liability and information of what constitutes non‑liability, information as to the effect of executing the affidavit, and instructions for returning the affidavit to the Authority.
"§ 20‑406. Rentals and leases; evidence of sale. 
(a)	If the affidavit of non‑liability is returned to the agency within 30 days of the mailing of the notice of the toll evasion violation together with the proof of a written rental agreement or lease between a bona fide renting or leasing company and its customer which identifies the rentee or lessee and provides the drivers license number, name, and address of the rentee or lessee, the processing agency shall personally serve or mail, by first-class mail, to the rentee or lessee, identified in the affidavit of non‑liability, a notice of the delinquent toll evasion violation. If payment is not received within 15 days of the mailing of the notice of the delinquent toll evasion violation, the processing agency may proceed against the rentee or lessee pursuant to G.S. 20‑407. 
(b)	If the affidavit of non‑liability is returned with evidence that the registered owner served has made a bona fide sale or transfer of the vehicle and has delivered possession thereof to the purchaser prior to the date of the alleged violation, the processing agency shall cancel the notice of the toll evasion violation with respect to the registered owner.  
"§ 20‑407. Collection of unpaid toll evasion penalties.
The processing agency shall proceed under one or more of the following options to collect an unpaid toll evasion penalty:
(a)	The processing agency may file an itemization of unpaid toll evasion penalties and administrative and service fees with the Division.
(b)	If more than four hundred dollars ($400.00) in unpaid penalties and fees have been accrued by any person or registered owner, the processing agency may file proof of unpaid penalties with the court that shall have the same effect as a civil judgment entered pursuant to Article 23 of Chapter 1 of the General Statutes. Execution may be levied and other measures may be taken for the collection of the judgment as are authorized for the collection of an unpaid civil judgment entered against a defendant in an action on a debtor. The court may assess costs against a judgment debtor to be paid upon satisfaction of the judgment. The processing agency shall send a notice by first‑class mail to the person or registered owner indicating that a judgment shall be entered for the unpaid penalties, fees, and costs and that, after 30 days from the date of the mailing of the notice, the judgment shall have the same effect as an entry of judgment against a judgment debtor. The person or registered owner shall also be notified at that time that execution may be levied against his or her assets, liens may be placed against his or her property, his or her wages may be garnished, and other steps may be taken to satisfy the judgment. The filing fee plus any costs of collection shall be added to the judgment amount.
(c)	If the registration of the vehicle has not been renewed for 60 days beyond the renewal date, and the notice has not been collected by the Division, the processing agency may file proof of unpaid penalties and fees with the court that shall have the same effect as a civil judgment entered pursuant to Article 23 of Chapter 1 of the General Statutes.
(d)	The Authority may contract with a collection agency to collect unpaid toll evasion penalties, fees, and charges.
"§ 20‑408. Use of information. 
Any information obtained pursuant to this Article, through the use of automated devices, shall not be used for any purpose other than to identify and obtain the mailing address information of toll evasion violators and to facilitate the serving of notices of toll evasion violations and notices of delinquent toll evasion violations."
SECTION 2.  G.S. 20‑54 is amended by adding a new subdivision to read:
"(10)	The Division has been notified that the vehicle has unpaid toll evasion penalties, including administrative fees and the toll evasion penalty and administrative fee have not been paid."
SECTION 3.  This act becomes effective December 1, 2007, and applies to offenses committed on or after that date.